Notes Chapter 12 Section 3

Women in the defense plants:
-Rosie the riveter= the great symbol of a campaign to hire women
African Americans Demand War Work:
-A. Philip Randolph= the head of the brotherhood of sleeping car porters- a major union for African American railroad workers-decided to take action so he informed president Roosevelt that he was organizing a march  of African Americans in search for jobs
Mexicans become farm workers:
-Barcero is Spanish for worker
-200,000 Mexicans came to the unite states to help harvest fruit and vegetables
-sunbelt=the expansion of cities in the Deep South created a new industrial region
The Housing Crisis:
-there were thousands of workers and they didn't know where to put them to have a home so many of them lived in tents and tiny trailers
-the federal gov gave over $1.2 billion to build public housing, schools, and community centers during the war
Racism Explodes Into Violence:
-the great migration slowed during the depression
-the war erupted in Detroit 1943, when fights erupted between gangs of white and African Americans teenage girls---triggered more fights---at the end 25 African Americans & 9 whites were killed.
 The Zoot Suit Riots:
-Zoot suit= had very baggy pleated pants and an overstuffed, knee length jacket with wide lapels
Japanese American Relocation:
-when Japan attacked Pearl Harbor, many west coast Americans turned their anger against Japanese Americans
-because of newspaper printing rumors about there being Japanese spies, members of congress, mayors, and many business, and labor leaders demanded that all people of Japanese ancestry to be removed from the west coast
Wage and Price Controls:
-both wages and prices began to rise quickly during the war because of the high demand for workers and raw material
-to stabilize both wages and prices, Roosevelt created__OPA= the office of price administration, OES= the office of economic stabilization
Blue Points, Red Points:
-rationing= limiting the availability of many products to make sure enough were available for military use
-driving was rationed to save gas, driving was restricted, and the speed limit was 35 mph
Victory Gardens and Scarp Drives:
-victory gardens= to produce more food for war effort there would be gardens in back yards, school yards, city parks, and empty lots, the gov encouraged them
Paying for the war:
-E bonds= sold for 18.75 and could be redeemed for $25 after 10 years
"V" for Victory:
-a big amount of Americans wanted to fight in the war and win